Ernesto Júlio de Nazareth was a Brazilian composer and pianist, especially noted for his creative Choro compositions. Influenced by African rhythms and many musical styles like the Lundu and the Choro, he never fully accepted this influence, refusing to give popular names to his compositions. A musician of classical training, he classified his music as "Brazilian tangos", since the Argentine tango and polka dances were considered fashionable at the time. His piano repertoire is now part of the teaching programs of both classical and popular styles, as Nazareth once served at the boundary between these two worlds. Ernesto Nazareth was born in march 20, 1863, in Rio de Janeiro, one of five children. His mother, Carolina da Cunha gave him his first piano lessons. At the age of ten, after his mother's death, he continued his piano studies with Eduardo Moreira and Charles Lucien Lambert. Strongly influenced by Frédéric Chopin, Nazareth published his first composition "Você Bem Sabe" (1877), at age 14. At this time, he began his professional career playing in cafes, balls, society parties and in the waiting rooms of movie theaters. In 1893, Casa Vieira Machado published his famous tango "Brejeiro". In 1879, he wrote his first tango "Cruz, perigo!". In 1880, at the age of 17, he made his first public appearance at the Mozart Club. The following year, he composed the tango "Não caio n'outra!", his first great success, with several reprints. In 1885, he performed in concerts in different clubs of the court. In 1893, Casa Vieira Machado launched a new catalogue of his compositions, including the tango "Brejeiro", which achieved national and even international success, in that the Republican Guard band of Paris began to include it in their repertoire, coming even to record it. His first concert as a pianist took place in 1898. The following year he prepared the first edition of the tango "Turuna". In 1905, he had his first work, "Brejeiro", recorded by singer Mario Pinheiro with the title "O Sertanejo Enamorado" with lyrics by Catulo da Paixão Cearense. Meanwhile, the "Casa Édison" marching band recorded his tango "Escovado", which became quite successful. In 1907, Ernesto Nazareth was appointed third book-keeper of the National Treasury, a position that he did not occupy for not mastering the English language. In 1908, he began working as a pianist at the Mozart Club. The following year, he participated in a concert held at the National Institute of Music, playing the gavotte "Corbeille de Fleurs" and the tango "Batuque". Instead, he began to teach private piano lessons and was hired as a pianist for the Odeon Cinema from 1920-1924. In São Paulo and Campinas he performed several shows in the Municipal Theater and at the Conservatory. He was given then a grand piano as a gift from his admirers. He was one of the first artists to play for the Society Radio of Rio de Janeiro. In 1932 he presented for the first time, a recital in which he performed only his compositions. In 1933, after a period of mental instability, due to the deaths of his wife and daughter, diagnosed with syphilis and worsening hearing problems caused by a fall during childhood, Nazareth was hospitalized at the Juliano Moreira Asylum in Jacarepaguá. On February 5, 1934, Nazareth fled the asylum and was found alone three days later in the adjacent forest near a waterfall, dead by drowning.