Frogtoon Music - Genre information for Pla5tic-3la5tik
Experimental Electronic That Is Synthy Tweaky Snappy Pingy -Swirly Whirley Bangy And Shrinky. "Listen Can You Hear It?" From Classical Cembalo Pioneers And Electronic Pioneers To - Modern Day Brilliance. The Focus Should 'stay' Closer To The Pioneers Whether Modern Or Classic. Clavecin Électrique 1759 The Clavecine Électrique Or The 'Electric Harpsichord' Is One Of The Earliest Documented Electronic Instruments Built By The Jesuit Priest Jean-Baptiste Delaborde In Paris France 1759. The Instrument Was Based On Simple Electrostatic Principles And Is Said To Have Been A Keyboard Controlled Electro-Mechanical Instrument Rather Than A 'synthesiser' . The Clavecine Is Thought To Have Produced Musical Sounds By Electronically Vibrating Metallic Tines And Stricking Bells And Clappers. Msr Hipps The Electromechanical Piano 1867 Elisha Gray And "The Musical Telegraph" 1876 William Du Bois Duddell And The "Singing Arc" 1899 Thaddeus Cahill's "Dynamophone/Telharmonium" 1897 Melvin Severy - Choralcelo Electric Organ 1888-1908 Timeline History Of The Synthesizer Before 1900 It May Seem A Strange Thing To Start The History Of The Synthesizer Before The Use Of Electricity. However Throughout The History Of Mechanical Instrumental Music Music Made By Machines Inventors Have Sought To Discover New And Creative Ways To Make Musical Sounds And Play Music. These Seeds Of Invention Reach Back To The Begining Instrument Design And Eventually Blossomed Into The Synthesizer/keyboard Revolution That Music Has And Is Currently Experiencing. You May Notice That Some Very Significant Instrumental Inventions Such As The Pianoforte Are Not Mentioned Here. This Is Mainly Because Of The Vast Amount Of Information Already Out There About These Instruments. We Have Chosen Instead To Highlight The Kinds Of Technical Innovations Which Led To The Development Of Modern Synthesizers That May Not Be Apparent To A Synthesizer Enthusiast. 3rd Century BC Hydraulos - Invented By Ktesibios Or Ctesibius A Greek Engineer To Solve The Age-Old Question "How Can A Person Play More Than One Instrument At A Time?" He Created An Air Chamber In A Tub Of Water That Was Filled By A Hand Pump. The Pressure Was Regulated By The Weight Of Water. Mechanical Levers Or Switches Would Send The Air To Different Pipes. Of Course The Modern Pipe Organ Was Basically The Same Concept. By The 15th Century CE Organs Had Grown To Be The First Additive Synthesizers Using Multiple Pipes For Each Note Adding Harmonic Complexity As Well As Volume. 1400s The "hurdy-Gurdy" - This Is Similar To An Organ Grinder In Concept. By Rotating The Handle Wheels Are Set In Motion And Rub Against Different Strings To Create A Melody. Other Strings Resonate To Create A Drone. Could This Instrument Be Considered The First Strap-On Synthesizer With Built In Sequencer? 1641 Pascaline - At The Age Of 21 Blaise Pascal Developed A Calculating Machine Very Similar To Designs Found In 1997 In Old Manuscripts From Leonardo Da Vinci. Although These Adding Machines Made No Music They Are Pre-Cursors To The Modern Computer And Thus Digital Synthesizers. 1644 The Nouvelle Invention De Lever - This Was A Hydraulic Engine Which Produced Musical Sounds. 1759 Clavecin Electrique - The "electric Harpsichord" Invented By Jean-Baptiste De Laborde And Built In 1761 By Abbe Delaborde In Paris France. Via A Short Harpsichord-Like Keyboard Clappers Charged With Static Electricity Were Activated To Ring Bells. 1761 Panharmonicon - This Was A Mechanical Keyboard Instrument That Automated The Playing Of Flutes Clarinets Trumpets Violins Cellos Drums Cymbals Triangle And Other Instruments Guns? . It Was Invented By Johann Maelzel Who At Some Point Convinced Ludwig Van Beethoven To Compose For It. Beethoven Wrote "Wellington's Victory" For It And Started To Write The Battle Symphony "The Battle Of Victoria" For The Panharmonicon But Quarrels Between Him And Maelzel Later Changed His Mind. Although The Panharmonicon Was Mechanical And Not Electrical The Spirit Of The Invention Lives On In Today's Sampling Instruments. 1796 The Music Box - Watchmaker A. Favre Invented This Early Instrument In Geneva. 1832 Telegraph - Samuel Morse Invented The Telegraph Which Allowed Rhythmic Pulses To Be Broadcasted Great Distances. Unfortunately To Our Knowledge These Rhythmic Pulses Were Not Musical In Nature But Restricted To The Morse Code Also Developed By Samuel Morse. 1833-34 The Difference Engine - Invented By Charles Babbage A British Scientist This Machine Futhered The Eventual Development Of The Modern Computer. 1859 David E. Hughes Invented A Typewriting Telegraph Utilizing A Piano-Like Keyboard To Activate The Mechanism. 1867 Electromechanical Piano - Developed By Hipps First Name Unknown Who Was A Director Of The Telegraph Factory In Neuchatel Switzerland. The Keyboard Activated Electromagnets That Activated Dynamos Small Electric Generators Which Produced Sound. Dynamos Where Later To Be Used In Thaddeus Cahill's Dynamophone Also Known As The Telharmonium . 1876 Telephone - Alexander Graham Bell Invents A Way To Transmit The Voice Over A Telegraph Wire. Electroharmonic Or Electromusical Telegraph - Elisha Gray Also An Inventor Of A Telephone But Beaten To The Patent Office By Bell Invented This Simple Keyboard With Oscillators For Each Key. That's Right Oscillators. Mr. Gray Found That He Could Create A Self-Vibrating Electromagnetic Circuit Basically A Single Frequency Oscillator. He Could Transmit Music Over A Telephone Line. Later He Built A Simple Speaker To Make The Sounds Audible Without A Telephone Line. This Instrument Transmitted Musical Tones Over Wires. Not To Be Done Out By Gray Alexander Bell Developed A Similar Instrument He Called The "Electric Harp." 1877 Phonograph - Invented By Thomas Edison This Early Device Used A Diaphragm With An Attached Needle To Record Sound On A Wax Cylinder. The Cylinders Didn't Last Very Long But Edison Thought This Device Could Be Used For Businesses. This Invention The Same Concept As Edison But Using Either A Cylindrical System Or A Disc System Was Simultaneously Developed And Patented By Emile Berliner. 1877 Loudspeaker - The Idea Was First Expressed Independently In The Patents Of Ernst Wermer Of Siemens Germany Who Filed His Patent On Dec. 14 1877 And Sir Oliver Lodge Of The UK Who Secured A Patent On April 27 1898 In The UK. However Music Had Yet To Be Converted Into Electrical Signals In Order To Be Played On These Speakers. 1883 Bell Laboratories - This Laboratory At American Bell Telephone Company First Called The Electrical And Patent Department And Later In 1884 Refered To As The Mechanical Department Was Established By Alexander Graham Bell Who Financed It With His Own Money. This Lab Was Later To Contribute Significantly To Recording And Transmitting Sound. Research Here Also Led To The Development Of The GDS/Synergy Instruments. 1887 Player Piano - Invented In The US This Instrument Could Record A Performance On A Paper Roll. This Roll Could Be Copied And Manufactured And Distributed To People With Player Pianos To Reproduce The Performance Much Like MIDI Files Are Traded Today. 1888-1909 Choralcello "Heavenly Voices" - This Instrument Was Developed By Melvin Severy And His Brother-In-Law George B. Sinclair In Arlington Heights Massachusetts USA From 1888 To 1909 When It Was Debuted In Boston Massachusetts. The Choralcello Was Manufactured By The Choralcello Manufacturing Co. It Was Sold As An Expensive Home Organ For Social Music Recitals. The Company Was Taken Over By Farrington C. Donahue And A. Hoffman. As Far As We Know At Least 6 Were Sold. Much Like The Telharmonium The Choralcello Used An Electromagnetic Tone Wheel To Generate Organ Sounds. However The Choralcello Went A Step Further And Also Had Piano-Like Strings That Were Either Struck With Piano-Type Hammers Or Vibrated Electromagnetically. The Choralcello Had Two Keyboards An Upper 64-Note Keyboard Played The Strings Like A Piano And The Lower 88-Note Keyboard Played The Tone Wheels And Activated Electromagnets To Vibrate The Strings Having Organ Style Stops To Control The Timbre By Passing The Sound Through Cardboard Hardwood Softwood Glass Steel Or "bass-Buggy" Spring Resonators. The Choralcello Eventually Incorporated Into The Instrument A Player-Piano Styled Paper Roll Device For Recording And Playing Back Performances As Well As A 32-Note Pedal Board System. The Entire Machine Was Very Large Taking Up "two Basements" With Only The Keyboards And Speakers Publicly Visible. 1897 Telharmonium Or Dynamophone - Thadeus Cahill Applied For And Was Granted Patent Number 580 035 Entitled Art Of And Apparatus For Generating And Distributing Music Electronically. His Idea Was To Create An Electric Machine On Which Music Could Be Played And Distributed Through The Phone Lines To Businesses Hotels And Private Homes. He Would Do This By Using Dynamos Which Produces An Alternating Current A Sine Wave In This Case The Dynamo Is Also Called An "alternator" . He Did This With Electromagnets And Very Large Tone Wheels. In 1898 Cahill Began Working On His Machine In Washington D.C. See 1901 1898 Telegraphone - This The First Magnetic Recording Machine Was Patented By Valdemar Poulson. The Theory Behind This Machine Was Worked Out Theoretically By Oberlin Smith Of The UK In 1888. Poulson's Machine Recorded By Passing A Thin Wire Across An Electromagnet. Each Minute Section Of The Wire Would Retain Its Electromagnetic Charge Thus Recording The Sound. Sound Could Be Both Recorded And Played Back. Unfortunately Because The Machine's Output Wasn't Very Loud And There Was No Way To Amplify The Signal The Telegraphone Was Not Much Of A Success. 1898 Stereo Phonograph - Developed By Edison. 1899 Singing Arc - This Was Arguably The First Fully Electronic Instrument. It Was Developed By William Duddell From The Technology Used In The Carbon Arc Lamp An Electric Precursor To The Light Bulb Used In England And Throughout Europe. The Problem With The Carbon Arc Lamp Was That It Made A Lot Of Noise From A Low Hum To An Annoying High Pitched Whistle. Mr. Duddell An English Physicist Was Commissioned To Investigate The Sound That These Lamps Made. He Found That The More Electricity Was Applied To The Lamp The Higher The Resulting Pitch. To Demonstrate This Phenomenon He Hooked Up A Keyboard To The Lamp And Called It The Singing Arc. The Singing Arc Could Be Heard Without The Benefit Of An Amplifier Or Speaker. At A Lecture To The London Institute Of Electrical Engineers The Keyboard Was Hooked Up To The Building's Arc Lamps And It Was Found That No Only Did They All Sing But Those In The Other Buildings On The Same Circuit Sang Also. Although This Demonstrated A Method Of Transmitting Music Over A Distance It Was Never Developed Further. Duddell Never Even Applied For A Patent For His Machine. However He Did Tour The Country And Show Off His Singing Arc Which Never Became More Than A Novelty. An Interesting Side Story To All This A Few Years Earlier In 1887 A Dutch Inventor Discovered That A Sound Waves Could Be Used To Modulate The Intensity Of A Flame Produced By Gas Under Pressure A Manometric Flame . Bibliography "A Short History Of The Pursuit And Capture Of Musical Sound " Http //knowmadz.Org/library/ref/soundcap.Htm "Early Electronic Instruments " Http //mi.Cz/obl/obl_Data/instrument/instrument2.Html "Electronic Music Origins " Http //www.Electronicmusic.Com/datafiles/people/origins.Html "History Of Electronic And Computer Music Including Automatic Instruments And Composition Machines " Women On The Web/ElectronMedia. Http //music.Dartmouth.Edu/~Wowem/electronmedia/music/eamhistory.Html "New World Destruction The Electronic Music Channel " Http //www.Megs.Com/neworld/tmeline1.Htm Chadabe Joel Electric Sound The Past And Promise Of Electronic Music New Jersey Prentice Hall 1997 Cook James H. "Organ History Tutorial " Http //panther.Bsc.Edu/~Jcook/OrgHist/welcome.Htm Fridh Patrick "Synthesizer Timeline " 1999. Http //hem.Passagen.Se/sequence/timeline/ Miller Scott L. "Electronic Music Timeline " From Resource Material For Electronic Music Courses At St. Cloud University. Http //condor.Stcloudstate.Edu/~Slmiller/433timeline.Htm Paradiso Joe "Electronic Music Interfaces " Http //www.Media.Mit.Edu/~Joep/SpectrumWeb/SpectrumX.Html Also See Electrique Bleu. Free Reed Aerophone Orchestrion Pla5tic-3la5tik Every artist, every band, and every song you can imagine, from the newest to the oldest, are easily accessible through Frogtoon Music. Get ready to indulge yourself and allow the music to enrich your soul, ignite your passion, awaken your emotions, and bring back some beautiful memories. 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