Jalāl ad-Dīn Muhammad Rūmī (Persian: جلال‌الدین محمد رومی‎), also known as Jalāl ad-Dīn Muhammad Balkhī (جلال‌الدین محمد بلخى), Mawlānā (مولانا, "our master"), Mevlânâ, Mevlevî (مولوی Mawlawī, "my master"), and more popularly simply as Rūmī (1207 – 17 December 1273), was a 13th-century Persian[1][8] poet, jurist, Islamic scholar, theologian, and Sufi mystic.[9] Rumi's influence transcends national borders and ethnic divisions: Iranians, Tajiks, Turkish, Greeks, Pashtuns, other Central Asian Muslims, and the Muslims of South Asia have greatly appreciated his spiritual legacy for the past seven centuries.[10] His poems have been widely translated into many of the world's languages and transposed into various formats. Rumi has been described as the "most popular poet"[11] and the "best selling poet" in the United States.[12][13] Rumi's works are written mostly in Persian, but occasionally he also used Greek,[14][15][16] Arabic, and Turkish in his verse.[17][18] His Mathnawī, composed in Konya, remains one of the purest literary glories of the Persian language.[19][20] His works are widely read today in their original language across Greater Iran and the Persian-speaking world. Translations of his works are very popular, most notably in Turkey, Azerbaijan, the United States, and South Asia.[22] His poetry has influenced Persian literature, but also Turkish, Punjabi, Hindi, and Urdu, as well as the literature of some other Turkic, Iranian, and Indo-Aryan languages including Chagatai, Pashto, and Bengali. Contents ر راه طلب عاقل و دیوانه یکی است در شیوه‌ی عشق خویش و بیگانه یکی است آن را که شراب وصل جانان دادند در مذهب او کعبه و بتخانه یکی است Quatrain 305 On the seeker’s path, wise men and fools are one. In His love, brothers and strangers are one. Go on! Drink the wine of the Beloved! In that faith, Muslims and pagans are one. Philosophical outlook See also: Spiritual evolution Rumi was an evolutionary thinker in the sense that he believed that the spirit after devolution from the divine Ego undergoes an evolutionary process by which it comes nearer and nearer to the same divine Ego.[62] All matter in the universe obeys this law and this movement is due to an inbuilt urge (which Rumi calls "love") to evolve and seek enjoinment with the divinity from which it has emerged. Evolution into a human being from an animal is only one stage in this process. The doctrine of the Fall of Adam is reinterpreted as the devolution of the Ego from the universal ground of divinity and is a universal, cosmic phenomenon.[63] The French philosopher Henri Bergson's idea of life being creative and evolutionary is similar, though unlike Bergson, Rumi believes that there is a specific goal to the process: the attainment of God. For Rumi, God is the ground as well as the goal of all existence. However Rumi need not be considered a biological evolutionary creationist. In view of the fact that Rumi lived hundreds of years before Darwin, and was least interested in scientific theories, it is probable to conclude that he does not deal with biological evolution at all. Rather he is concerned with the spiritual evolution of a human being: Man not conscious of God is akin to an animal and true consciousness makes him divine. Nicholson has seen this as a Neo-Platonic doctrine: the universal soul working through the various spheres of being, a doctrine introduced into Islam by Muslim philosophers like Al Farabi and being related at the same time to Ibn Sina's idea of love as the magnetically working power by which life is driven into an upward trend مولانا جلال‌الدین محمد بلخی مشهور به مولوی شاعر بزرگ قرن هفتم هجری قمری است. وی در سال ۶۰۴ هجری قمری در بلخ زاده شد. پدر وی بهاءالدین که از علما و صوفیان بزرگ زمان خود بود به سبب رنجشی که بین او و سلطان محمد خوارزمشاه پدید آمده بود از بلخ بیرون آمد و بعد از مدتی سیر و سیاحت به قونیه رفت. مولانا بعد از فوت پدر تحت تعلیمات برهان‌الدین محقق ترمذی قرار گرفت. ملاقات وی با شمس تبریزی در سال ۶۴۲ هجری قمری انقلابی در وی پدید آورد که موجب ترک مسند تدریس و فتوای وی شد و به مراقبت نفس و تذهیب باطن پرداخت. وی در سال ۶۷۲ هجری قمری در قونیه وفات یافت. از آثار او می‌توان به مثنوی، دیوان غزلیات یا کلیات شمس، رباعیات، مکتوبات، فیه مافیه و مجالس سبعه اشاره کرد.